ABSTRACT
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury （CIRI） is a common feature and the main pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke（IS）， which is caused by a blood reperfusion injury in ischemic brain tissues. It can aggravate brain tissue injury and cause irreversible brain damage， seriously affecting the quality of life or even the life of patients. Hence， we must find out the exact mechanism as well as the effective therapeutic drugs and targets for CIRI. The Chinese medicine effective in Xingnao （restoring consciousness） and Kaiqiao （opening orifices） has been widely used in the treatment of CIRI and serves as a classic therapy for IS. In recent years， scholars have conducted extensive and in-depth studies on the mechanism and therapeutic targets of Chinese medicine in Xingnao and Kaiqiao. They found that those drugs could interfere with a series of changes after IS and achieve the remarkable curative effect. This study summarized the effect and mechanism of Chinese medicine in Xingnao and Kaiqiao in the treatment of CIRI， including reducing the inflammatory response and oxidative stress， alleviating brain edema and the toxicity of excitatory amino acids， reducing cell apoptosis， promoting angiogenesis and neurovascular remodeling， and improving blood-brain barrier injury. It is expected to provide references to clarify the mechanism and important targets of those drugs in resisting CIRI and ideas for the in-depth investigation and application of brain protection of Chinese medicine in Xingnao and Kaiqiao.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement for acute cervical radiculopathy. Methods: A total of 85 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an observation group and a control group by random numbers, with 43 cases in the observation group and 42 cases in the control group. The observation group was treated with Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement;while the control group was treated with Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position. The treatment was performed once a day, 10 times as a treatment course. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 1 treatment course, and the changes in the scores of visual analog scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 97.7% in the observation group, and 83.3% in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After treatment, the VAS and NDI scores of both groups were significantly decreased (both P＜0.01), and the differences in the VAS and NDI scores between the two groups were statistically significant (both P＜0.01). Conclusion: Both Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement and Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position can relieve pain and improve cervical function in patients with acute cervical radiculopathy, and Ba-pulling and Qian-traction manipulation with neck suspension and movement can produce more significant efficacy than Bashen-pulling and stretching manipulation in a supine position.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of malignant hematopathy and its influencing factors.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 300 cases received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to malignant hematological diseases in Zhu Jiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2010 to June 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, and the factors affecting hematopoietic reconstruction, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between haploidentical HSCT and HLA matched HSCT.@*RESULTS@#The hematopoietic reconstitution rate, incidence of GVHD, posttransplant recurrence rate and disease-free survival (DFS) were not statistically different between HLA-metched and haploidentical colorts. However, compared with HLA-matched HSCT group the time of platelet implantation was prolonged, the recurrence-related mortality was higher, and the overall survival (OS) rate was lower in the haploidentical HSCT group. Univariate analyses showed that non-remission before transplantation, and grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ aGVHD were the risk factors for OS in both groups (P＜0.05). The age than 40 years old at the time of transplantation and unrelated donors were risk factors for OS in haploidentical HSCT group (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that non-remission before transplantation and grade Ⅲ, Ⅳ aGVHD were independent prognostic indictor for OS with relative risk (RR) of 4.4 (95% CI,1.5-13.4), 9.3 (95% CI,2.3-37.0), 11.0 (95% CI,3.2-37.3) (P＜0.05) in HLA-matched HSCT group. Unrelated donor, high-risk group, and gradeⅣaGVHD were independent prognostic indictors for OS with relative risk (RR) of 7.4 (95% CI,2.3-23.1), 2.4 (95% CI,1.3-4.5), 4.1(95% CI,1.6-10.5) (P＜0.05) in haploidentical HSCT group.@*CONCLUSION@#The comprehensive curative effect of HLA-matched HSCT is better than the haploidentical HSCT in hematological malignancies. In haploidentical HSCT the selecting related donor is better than unrelated donors, which required more platelet transfusion support.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Graft vs Host Disease , Hematologic Neoplasms , Therapeutics , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
This study was purposed to evaluate the effect of different lyophilizing protectants including human albumin, glucan, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and glycerine on lyophilized trehalose-loading red blood cells (RBC), then to screen the optimal lyophilizing protectant. The RBC were incubated in 800 mmol/L concentration of trehalose solution at 37°C for 7 hours, and washed 3 times with PBS solution to obtain the trehalose-loading RBC. The trehalose-loading RBC in control group were directly lyophilized without lyophilizing protectants, the trehalose-loading RBC in the experimental group were mixed with Lyophilizing protectants. The samples of 2 groups were kept at room temperature for 30 minutes, pre-frozen at -80°C for 24 hours, then lyophilized in freeze-dryer for 24 hours. Finally the samples were quickly rehydrated by 6% HES at 37°C. The recovery rate and hemolysis rate of hemoglobin were detected by using cyanohemoglobin detection kit. The water content of unhydrated samples were detected at the same time. The results showed that when the moisture content of sample was 3% - 5%, the recovery rate of hemoglobin in control group was 33.57 ± 2.89%, and that in experimental group was 51.15 ± 1.98%, there was statistically significant difference between the control and experimental group (P < 0.05). When the different concentration of dextran solution was chosen as protectants, the recovery rate of hemoglobin of lyophilized RBC was obviously lower. The higher concentration of dextran, the better the recovery rate. The recovery rate of hemoglobin was 22.15 ± 4.12% when the concentration of dextran was 36%, there were statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). When the different concentration of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) solutions was chosen as protectants, especially the concentration below 40%, the recovery rate of hemoglobin of lyophilized RBC was significantly belower than the control group, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). When 10% glycerol was used as protectants, the recovery rate of hemoglobin was 3.93 ± 1.80%. There was also statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). It is concluded that human serum albumin shows an important protective effect on the lyophilization of the trehalose-loading red blood cells. The dextran and PVP at the concentration lower than 40% can decrease the protective effect of trehalose in cells. Glycerol can not be chosen as protectant for lyophilized trehalose-loading red blood cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Preservation , Methods , Cryoprotective Agents , Pharmacology , Erythrocytes , Freeze Drying , Methods , Trehalose , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the efficacy of multifactor intensive intervention for post percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention (post-PCI) outpatients on self management, risk factor control and outcome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 263 patients with coronary heart disease (CAD) discharged from our cardiac center were randomized into usual care (4 CAD lectures focusing on the 2(nd) CAD prevention and patients-oriented outpatient visit) and intensive intervention (4 CAD lectures focusing on the 2(nd) CAD prevention, CAD outpatient visit twice a month, monthly telephone instructions on risk factor control and optimal medication). Patients were followed for 12 months and 250 patients completed follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were more patients achieved a LDL-C level of less than 2.6 mmol/L in intensive intervention group than in usual care group (71.2% vs. 48.3%, P < 0.01). The percentages of patients taking dietary control (55.3% vs. 26.2%, P < 0.01) and physical exercises (64.4% vs. 39.0%, P < 0.01), receiving beta-adrenergic receptor blocker (75.0% vs. 50.8%, P < 0.01) and statins (72.0% vs. 54.2%, P < 0.01) were significantly higher while cardiovascular event rate (5.9% vs. 0%, P = 0.005)was significantly lower in intensive intervention group than in usual care group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multifactor intensive intervention is helpful on improving the second prevention for post-PCI coronary heart disease patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Causality , Coronary Disease , Patient Education as Topic , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
With the extensive application of cellular and molecular genetic techniques in the research of acute leukemia (AL), the diagnosis of AL type has been developed from FAB typing which was based on morphological classification in 1976 to MICM typing in 2001. This progress highlights the importance of cellular and molecular genetic changes in the diagnosis of leukemia. The cellular and molecular genetic abnormalities in acute leukemia can make the stratification of risk and give the guidance for prognosis and treatment, which is also critical for the development of new drugs. This article has focused on chromosomal abnormalities, fusion gene expression and their relationship with the leukemia diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. This article is also a concise review on several common gene mutations in cytogenetics of ANLL for the assessment of disease prognosis. In recent years, further exploration of molecular cytogenetic mechanisms of various types of leukemia in ANLL contributed to the development of new therapeutic strategy for leukemia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Disease , Chromosome Aberrations , Cytogenetics , Gene Fusion , Leukemia , Genetics , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of benzyl alcohol on trehalose-loading red blood cells (RBCs). The RBCs were incubated in 10, 30, 50 and 100 mmol/L concentrations of benzyl alcohol-trehaloe solution at 4 degrees C for 24 hours. The hemolysis rate of loaded RBCs was detected by using cyanohemoglobin kit, the intracellular trehalose level were assayed by sulfate anthrone method. The results showed that the intracellular trehalose concentration in group with 100 mmol/L benzyl alcohol was 72 +/- 12.98 mmol/L, compared with that in groups of 10, 30 and 50 mmol/L, the statistical difference were significant (p = 0.000); the hemolysis rate of loaded RBCs in group with 100 mmol/L of benzyl alcohol was 17.99 +/- 3.75%, as compared with groups of 10, 30 and 50 mmol/L, the statistical difference was significant (p = 0.000). It is concluded that benzyl alcohol can enhance the intracellular trehalose concentration. As concentration of benzyl alcohol ascends, the intracellular trehalose concentration increases. 100 mmol/L benzyl alcohol may be proper for loading RBCs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Benzyl Alcohol , Pharmacology , Blood Preservation , Methods , Erythrocyte Membrane , Metabolism , Erythrocytes , Metabolism , Freeze Drying , Methods , Trehalose , Metabolism , PharmacologyABSTRACT
Lyophilization is the best method for preservation of blood cells at present. Lyophilized blood cells could be stored at room temperature for long periods of time, while maintaining a high degree of viability. Lyophilized blood cells facilitates transportation and the costs are low. However, the membrane of blood cells is damaged and viability of blood cells is decreased in lyophilization. Trehalose has been shown to protect membrane, proteins and nucleic acids during freezing and desiccation. Now, researchers present a methor for loading blood cells with trehalose. In this paper, damage effect of lyophilization on blood cells, the mechanism of trehalose protection and the experimental studies on trehalose were reviewed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Preservation , Methods , Cryopreservation , Methods , Cryoprotective Agents , Pharmacology , Erythrocyte Membrane , Metabolism , Erythrocytes , Freeze Drying , Methods , Trehalose , PharmacologyABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the feasibility of cryopreserving red blood cells (RBCs) by loading with trehalose and to evaluate the effect of trehalose on lyophilized RBCs. Based on the thermal properties of RBC plasma membrane, the RBCs were incubated in 0.8 mol/L trehalose solution at 37 degrees C for 7 hours, and RBCs incubated in phosphate-buffered saline were used as control. The morphology of RBCs was observed by light and scanning electron microscopy, the hemolysis rate of loaded RBCs was detected by using cyanohemoglobin kit, the intracellular trehalose levels were assayed by sulfate anthrone method, the intracellular ATP and 2, 3-DPG levels were determined by bioluminescence assay and 2, 3-DPG kit respectively, meanwhile the deformation and osmotic fragility of RBCs were measured. The results showed that the intracellular trehalose concentration was 36.56 +/- 7.95 mmol/L, the electronical microscopic images of trehalose-loaded RBCs showed the membrane integrity, the hemolysis rate in trehalose-loaded RBCs was 15.663 +/- 3.848%, while hemolysis rate in controlled RBC was 5.03 +/- 1.85% (P < 0.05). Maximum index of deformation in trehalose-loaded RBC was 0.0289 +/- 0.00738, while maximum index of deformation in control group was 0.1200 +/- 0.0121 (P < 0.05), The level of ATP in trehalose-loaded RBC was 2.67 +/- 0.54 micromol/gHb, while the level of ATP in control group was 5.22 +/- 1.10 micromol/gHb (P > 0.05). Osmotic fragility data showed that trehalose exerted osmotic protection on RBC. During loading period the level of 2, 3-DPG in trehalose-loaded RBC was maintained close to the level in control. When trehalose-loaded RBCs were lyophilized and rehydrated, the recovery rate of hemoglobin was about 46.44 +/- 4.14% and that in control was 8.33 +/- 2.34% (P < 0.001). The recovery rate of hemoglobin of trehalose-loaded RBC was higher than that of control. It is concluded that trehalose can be integrated in the membrane of RBC in lyophilization state, maintain the integrity of RBC membrane, and significantly enhance the recovery rate of hemoglobin of cryopreserved RBCs. Cryopreserving RBCs by loading with trehalose is feasible.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Preservation , Methods , Cells, Cultured , Cryoprotective Agents , Pharmacology , Erythrocyte Membrane , Metabolism , Erythrocytes , Metabolism , Freeze Drying , Methods , Hemolysis , Trehalose , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents of Galeopsis bifida.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Various chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>Ten compounds were isolated and identified as chrysoeriol(1), 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone(2), hederagenin(3), daucosterol(4), martynoside(5), ajugoside(6), 8-acetyl harpagid(7), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucoside(8), 5,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucoside(9) and 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (10). Compound 6, 7 were found from genus Galeopsis for the first time and rest of compounds were found from G. bifida for the first time.</p>